Patrick Rose

Texas gave birth to the modern oil industry, invented the hand-held calculator and sent man to the moon. But can the Lone Star State cure cancer?

Texas is ready to try by investing $3 billion over the next decade in cancer research and prevention, which would make the state the gatekeeper of the second largest pot of cancer research money in the country, behind only the National Cancer Institute.

"I don’t know anyone that would stand shoulder to shoulder with what they’re trying to do," said Robert Urban, executive director of the Koch Institute for Innovative Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

That gee-whiz impression is what Texas leaders sought in 2007, when the state created the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas through an ambitious bond measure approved by voters. Lance Armstrong, champion cyclist and cancer survivor, helped sell the plan to voters, and Gov. Rick Perry said he dreamed of a day when "we talk about cancer the same way we talk about polio."

Texas is now putting out the call to scientists: Come and get the money.

Institute leaders say the money will fund drug developments, will gamble on high-risk research turned away elsewhere and will attract big-name scientists to Texas. Officials are discussing the creation of the first statewide clinical trial network, which could give cancer patients more access to experimental drugs.

But having so much money on the table — particularly in the hands of a state that’s new to funding cancer research — has some researchers worried that politics and backroom deals will play a role in its budgeting. The agency will invest upward of $260 million a year in cancer research and $30 million in preventive services such as early detection screenings.

A sagging economy also makes some skittish about whether the state will follow through with funding for an entire decade.

"That $3 billion isn’t in the bank," said Dr. Tyler Curiel, executive director of the Cancer Therapy & Research Center at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. "What if the money isn’t going to be there in the future?"

Curiel is among the hundreds of researchers who began writing applications last month for a slice of the $450 million Texas will hand out over the first two years. The first grants are expected to be awarded by spring.

The state also is hoping to lure more top scientists to Texas with $2 million offers for salary and research, and is prepared to offer even more for "superstars."

But once the money is doled out, the agency cautions, don’t expect overnight miracles.

"(We’re) not going to bring new drugs to market during the first two years. Nor during the first four years," said Dr. Alfred Gilman, the institute’s chief scientific officer. "It will take a good deal of time."

No other state comes close to the amount of cancer research dollars Texas has pledged. California voters in 2004 approved a $3 billion plan for a stem cell research agency, which opponents tied up in court for two years over the ethics of creating and destroying embryos from which the cells could be harvested.

Massachusetts in 2008 passed a $1 billion, 10-year initiative to fund life sciences research, but some have wondered about the viability of that big-ticket endeavor given the state’s economic woes.

Texas, meanwhile, is doling out cancer research dollars at a time when funds nationwide have been flat or drying up. The National Cancer Institute handed out $3.14 billion in so-called extramural grants in fiscal year 2008, a slight drop from 2007 and down from $3.25 billion in 2005. The federal stimulus bill gave the institute an additional $1.26 billion in grant money, but researchers say it’s still not enough.

Texas already is no slouch when it comes to fighting cancer. The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston is one of the top research sites in the country, and the state is home to the headquarters of Susan G. Komen for the Cure and the Lance Armstrong Foundation.